23/06/2021

Frequent Background Polling on a Shared Thread, using Light-Weight Compiler Interrupts

Nilanjana Basu, Claudio Montanari, Jakob Eriksson

Keywords: compiler interrupts, fine-grained thread sharing, control flow graph analysis and transformation, code instrumentation, efficient polling

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Abstract: Recent work in networking, storage and multi-threading has demonstrated improved performance and scalability by replacing kernel-mode interrupts with high-rate user-space polling. Typically, such polling is performed by a dedicated core. Compiler Interrupts (CIs) instead enable efficient, automatic high-rate polling on a shared thread, which performs other work between polls. CIs are instrumentation-based and light-weight, allowing frequent interrupts with little performance impact. For example, when targeting a 5,000 cycle interval, the median overhead of our fastest CI design is 4% vs. 800% for hardware interrupts, across programs in the SPLASH-2, Phoenix and Parsec benchmark suites running with 32 threads. We evaluate CIs on three systems-level applications: (a) kernel bypass networking with mTCP, (b) joint kernel bypass networking and CPU scheduling with Shenango, and (c) delegation, a message-passing alternative to locking, with FFWD. For each application, we find that CIs offer compelling qualitative and quantitative improvements over the current state of the art. For example, CI-based mTCP achieves ≈2× stock mTCP throughput on a sample HTTP application.

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